Ecology of tin tailings areas: plant communities and their succession.
Abstract
The pioneer community on sand tailings areas in W. Malaysia contained a number of grasses and legumes, including Tricholaena rosea [= Rhynchelytrum repens], Ischaemum muticum, Eragrostis amabilis, Paspalum scrobiculatum, Eleusine indica, Chrysopogon acicularis, Pueraria phaseoloides and Desmodium triflorum. On slime tailings the first species to establish was Leersia hexandra, followed by Isachne globosa, Phragmites karka, Eragrostis unioloides and a range of other plants, including sedges.