Survival and growth of selected clones of birch and willow on restored opencast coal sites.
Abstract
Results are presented from trials with Betula pendula, B. pubescens, Salix caprea and S. cinerea at 6 sites throughout Britain; the selected clones were obtained from trees seeded naturally on spoil heaps. In general, use of selected clones was only advantageous at the more difficult sites where topsoil was not available.